Drogön Chögyal Phagpa?, one of the five founders of the Sakyapa school of Tibetan Buddhism, first vice-king of Tibet
Sakya Pandita
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Drogön Chögyal Phagpa (Tibetan: ??????????????????????????; Wylie: ‘Gro mgon Chos rgyal ‘Phags pa; also written Dongon Choegyal Phakpa, Dromtön Chögyal Pagpa, etc.) (1235-1280) was the fifth leader of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism. He became the first vice-king of Tibet and played an important political role. He was also the guru and spiritual advisor to Kublai Khan, ruler of the Mongol Empire and the Yuan Dynasty.
Contents
1Biography
2See also
3Footnotes
4References
Biography
In 1244, Sakya Pandita left for Prince Godan’s royal camp with two of his young nephews, the ten year-old Phagpa and six year-old Chhana, who later published a collection of Sakya Pandita’s writings. On the way, they stopped in Lhasa, where Phagpa pronounced its vows of young buddhist monk at the Jokhang monastery in front of the statue of the Jowo offered by the Princess Wencheng, the Chinese wife of Songsten Gampo. Sakya Pandita preached sermons along his way and arrived at Prince Godan’s camp in 1247 in Lanzhou in the current province of Gansu, where the Mongol troops were exterminating Han Chinese by throwing them in a river. Sakya Pandita, horrified, gave religious instructions, and in particular that killing a sentient being is one of the worse acts according to Buddha Dharma. He gave religious instruction to the prince and greatly impressed the court with his personality and powerful teachings. He is also said to have cured Prince Godan of a serious illness and, with the help of his nephew, Phagpa, he adapted the Uighur script so that the Buddhist Scriptures could be translated into Mongolian. In return, was given “temporal authority over the 13 myriarchies of Central Tibet.”
After the death of Sakya Pandita, Phagpa remained at the camp of Prince Godan and learned Mongolian language. Five years later Kublai Khan asked Godan to give him Chögyal Phagpa, who was then 23, and converted him to Buddhism. Shortly after, Kublai Khan in a succession fight, took over his brother, Möngke, and became the khan, the ruler of the Mongols and even later on became Emperor of China. Kublai Khan in turn appointed Chögyal Phagpa as his Imperial Preceptor in 1260 the year when he was proclaimed emperor of Mongolia. According to nowadays Mongols, Phagpa was the first one “to inaugurate theology politics of the relation between the State and the religion in the tibet-Mongol buddhist world”. With the support of Kublai Khan, Chögyal Phagpa established himself and his sect as the preeminent political power in Tibet.
Kublai Khan commissioned Chögyal Phagpa to design a new writing system to unify the writing of his multilingual Yuan Dynasty. Chögyal Phagpa in turn modified the traditional Tibetan script and gave birth to a new set of characters called ‘Phags-pa script which was completed in 1268. Kublai Khan decided to use the ‘Phags-pa script as the official writing system of the empire, including when he became Emperor of China in 1271, instead of the Chinese ideogrammes and the Uyghur script. However, he encountered major resistances and difficulties when trying to promote this script and never achieved his original goal. As a result, only a small amount of texts were written in this script, and the majority (including most official documents) were still written in Chinese ideogrammes or the Uyghur alphabet. The script fell into disuse after the collapse of the Yuan Dynasty in 1368. The script was, though never widely, used for about a century and is thought to have influenced the development of modern Korean script.
Pagspa’s diaries for 1271 mention a foreign friend of Kublai Khan, who was quite possibly one of the elder Polos or even Marco Polo, although, unfortunately, no name is given.
Thus began a strong alliance and the capital of Sakya, gDan-sa, became the capital of Tibet. This lasted until about the middle of the 14th century. During the reign of the 14th Sakya Trizin, Sonam Gylatsen, the Central Tibetan province of U was taken by the Myriarch, marking the “beginning of the end of the period of Sakya power in Central Tibet.”
See also
History of Tibet
Footnotes
^ abcde Laird, Thomas. (2006). The Story of Tibet: Conversations with the Dalai Lama, pp. 114-117.Grove Press, New York. ISBN 978-0-8021-1827-1.
^ Norbu, Thubten Jigme and Turnbull, Colin. Tibet: Its History, Religion and People, p. 195. Chatto & Windus (1969). Reprint: Penguin Books (1987).
^ F. W. Mote. Imperial China 900-1800. Harvard University Press, 1999. p.501.
^ Rossabi, M. Khubilai Khan: His Life and Times, p158
^ F. W. Mote. Imperial China 900-1800. Harvard University Press, 1999. p.501.
^ Klafkowski, Piotr. (1977). “History of Buddhism in Mongolia—A Preliminary Survey”, p. 28 and note. Buddhist Studies. The Journal of the Department of Buddhist Studies, University of Delhi. May, 1977.
^ Penny-Dimri, Sandra. “The Lineage of His Holiness Sakya Trizin Ngawang-Kunga.” The Tibet Journal, Vol. XX No. 4, Winter 1995, pp. 71-73.
^ Shakabpa, Tsepon W. D. Tibet: A Political History (1967), p. 86. Yale University Press, New Haven and London.
References
Coblin, W. South. (2006). A Handbook of ‘Phags-pa Chinese (ABC Dictionary Series). University of Hawai’i Press, Honolulu. ISBN 978-0-8248-3000-7.
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drog%C3%B6n_Ch%C3%B6gyal_Phagpa”
Categories: Sakya Lamas | Inventors of writing systems | Tibetan people | Yuan Dynasty people | 1235 births | 1280 deaths
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Der Protagonist (1926) Mahagonny-Songspiel (1927) Der Zar lässt sich
photographieren (1928) The Threepenny Opera (1928) Happy End (1929) Der Lindberghflug (1929) Rise and Fall of the
City of Mahagonny (1930) Der Jasager (1930) Die Bürgschaft (1932) Der Silbersee (1933) The Seven Deadly Sins (1933) Der Kuhhandel (1935) Johnny Johnson (1936) The Eternal Road (1937) Knickerbocker Holiday (1938) Lady in the Dark (1940) One Touch of Venus (1943) The Firebrand of Florence (1945) Street Scene (1946) Down in the Valley (1948) Love Life (1948) Lost in the Stars (1949)
v•d•e
Mahagonny-Songspiel, also known as The Little Mahagonny, is a “small-scale ’scenic cantata’” written by the composer Kurt Weill and the dramatist Bertolt Brecht in 1927. Weill was commissioned in the spring to write one of a series of very short operas for performance that summer, and he chose to use the opportunity to create a ’stylistic exercise’ as preparation for a larger-scale project that they had begun to develop together (the two had met for the first time in March), their experimental ‘epic opera’ The Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny (1930).
The Little Mahagonny was based on five ‘Mahagonny Songs’, which had been published earlier in the year in Brecht’s collection of poetry, Devotions for the Home (Hauspostille), together with tunes by Brecht. To these five was added a new poem, “Poem on a Dead Man”, that was to form the finale. Two of the songs were English-language parodies written by Elisabeth Hauptmann: the “Alabama Song” and “Benares Song”. Using one or two of Brecht’s melodies as a starting-point, Weill began in May to set the songs to music and to compose orchestral interludes along the following pattern:
The Little Mahagonny was first produced at the new German chamber music festival at Baden-Baden on the 17th July, 1927. Brecht directed, Lotte Lenya played Jessie, and the set-design was by Caspar Neher, who placed the scene in a boxing-ring before background projections that interjected scene-titles at the start of each section. According to a sketch published years later, they read:
A programme note for the performance stated:
The production lasted about forty-five minutes and was a great success, although there were no immediate plans for a revival.
Years later, The Little Mahagonny was produced, in a much adapted version, by the Berliner Ensemble at the Theater am Schiffbauerdamm in East Berlin, opening on the 10th February, 1963 and directed by Matthias Langhoff and Manfred Karge.
Contents
1Performance History
2Recordings
3Works cited
4Notes
Performance History
July 17, 1927: Baden-Baden, Deutsches Kammermusikfest; Walter Brügmann, dir., Ernst Mehlich, cond.
December 11, 1932: Paris, Salle Gaveau; Hans Curjel, dir., Maurice Abravanel, cond.
January 20, 1971: New Haven, Yale Repertory Theater; Michael Posnick, dir., Thomas Fay, cond. (double-bill with Brecht & Weill’s The Seven Deadly Sins)
September 8, 1984: London, English National Opera; Lionel Friend, cond.
March 30, 1989: New York, Brooklyn Academy of Music; Peter Sellars, dir., Craig Smith, cond.
March 25, 2000: New York, Symphony Space; Enesmble Weil, Ari Benjamin Meyers, dir. (presented as part of the 12-hour concert Wall-to-Wall Kurt Weill)
June 5 and 7, 2008: Seattle, Seattle Symphony; Gerard Schwarz, cond.
Recordings
London Sinfonietta, conducted by David Atherton, with Mary Thomas, Meriel Dickinson, Philip Langridge, Ian Partridge, Benjamin Luxon, and Michael Rippon on Deutsche Grammophon (DGG 423 255-2)
West Jerusalem Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Lukas Foss (Turnabout TV 34675, CD reissue: Vox CDX 5043)
RIAS Berlin Sinfonietta, conducted by John Mauceri, with Ute Lemper, Susanne Tremper, Helmut Wildhaber, Peter Haage, Thomas Mohr, and Manfred Jungwirth on Decca Records (London CD 430 168-2), doubled with The Seven Deadly Sins
König Ensemble, conducted by Jan Latham-König, with Gabriele Ramm, Trudeliese Schmidt, Hans Franzen, Walter Raffeiner, Peter Nikolaus Kante, and Horst Hiestermann on Capriccio (Cappriccio CD 60 028), doubled with The Seven Deadly Sins
Works cited
Sacks, Glendyr. 1994. “A Brecht Calendar.” In Thomson and Sacks (1994, xvii-xxvii).
Thomson, Peter and Glendyr Sacks, eds. 1994. The Cambridge Companion to Brecht. Cambridge Companions to Literature Ser. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521414466.
Willett, John. 1967. The Theatre of Bertolt Brecht: A Study from Eight Aspects. Third rev. ed. London: Methuen, 1977. ISBN 041334360X.
Willett, John and Ralph Manheim, eds. 1994. Introduction and Editorial Notes. In Collected Plays: Two by Bertolt Brecht. Bertolt Brecht: Plays, Poetry, Prose Ser. London: Methuen. ISBN 0413685608.
Notes
^ Willett and Manheim (1994, xvi-xvii, 358).
^ Willett and Manheim (1994, 358).
^ Sacks (1994, xix) and Willett and Manheim (1994, xvi, 358-9).
Baal •Drums in the Night •The Beggar •A Wedding •Driving Out a Devil •Lux in Tenebris •The Catch •Mysteries of a Barbershop •In the Jungle of Cities •Edward II •Man Equals Man •Downfall of the Egotist Johann Fatzer •The Elephant Calf •Little Mahagonny •The Threepenny Opera •The Flight across the Ocean •The Baden-Baden Lesson on Consent •Happy End •Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny •Der Jasager / Der Neinsager •The Decision •Saint Joan of the Stockyards •The Exception and the Rule •The Mother •Kuhle Wampe •The Seven Deadly Sins •Round Heads and Pointed Heads •The Horatians and the Curiatians •Fear and Misery of the Third Reich •Señora Carrar’s Rifles •Life of Galileo •Mother Courage and Her Children •The Trial of Lucullus •Mr Puntila and his Man Matti •The Good Person of Szechwan •The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui •Hangmen Also Die! •The Visions of Simone Machard •The Duchess of Malfi •Schweyk in the Second World War •The Caucasian Chalk Circle •Antigone •The Days of the Commune •The Tutor •Die Verurteilung des Lukullus •Report from Herrnburg •Coriolanus •Joan of Arc •Turandot •Don Juan •Trumpets and Drums
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahagonny-Songspiel”
Categories: Plays by Bertold Brecht | 1927 operas | Operas by Kurt Weill | German-language operas | Operas
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The Best of Deicide
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The Best of Deicide
Compilation album by Deicide
Released
September 23, 2003
Genre
Death metal
Length
1:04:24
Label
Roadrunner Records
Professional reviews
Allmusic link
Deicide chronology
In Torment in Hell
(2001)
The Best of Deicide
(2003)
Scars of the Crucifix
(2004)
The Best of Deicide is a compilation album by the American death metal band Deicide. It is a collection of 20 songs from Deicide’s catalogue with Roadrunner Records, the label they had recently ended their career-long record deal with.
The songs sourced on this CD come from the following albums:
From the 1990 self-titled debut, ‘Deicide’:
Tracks 1-5
From the 1992 album, ‘Legion’:
Tracks 6-9
From the 1995 album, ‘Once Upon the Cross’:
Tracks 10-13
From the 1997 album, ‘Serpents of the Light’:
Tracks 14-18
From the 2000 album, ‘Insineratehymn’:
Tracks 19 & 20
v•d•e
Deicide
Glen Benton · Jack Owen · Steve Asheim · Kevin Quirion
Ralph Santolla · Brian Hoffman · Eric Hoffman · Dave Suzuki
Studio albums
Deicide ·Legion ·Once upon the Cross ·Serpents of the Light ·Insineratehymn ·In Torment in Hell ·Scars of the Crucifix ·The Stench of Redemption ·Till Death Do Us Part
Live albums
When Satan Lives
Compilations
Amon, Feasting the Beast ·The Best of Deicide
Video albums
When London Burns ·Doomsday L.A.
Related articles
Cannibal Corpse · Vital Remains
This 2000s death metal album-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v•d•e
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Best_of_Deicide”
Categories: Deicide albums | 2003 albums | Greatest hits albums | Roadrunner Records albums | English-language albums | 2000s death metal album stubs
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This page was last modified on 16 February 2010 at 16:54.
The Chinese People’s Armed Police Force Academy (????????????) is an academy in Langfang, Hebei, China.
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Universities and colleges in Hebei
National
North China Electric Power University · North China Coal Medical University · Central Institute for Correctional Police ·Chinese People’s Armed Police Force Academy · North China Institute of Science and Technology
Provincial
Chengde Medical College · Handan College · Hebei Agricultural University · Hebei University of Engineering · Hebei Institute of Architecture and Civil Engineering · Hebei Medical University · Hebei Normal University · Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology · Hebei North University · Hebei Institute of Physical Education · Hebei Polytechnic University · Hebei University · Hebei University of Economics and Business · Hebei University of Technology · Hebei University of Science and Technology · Hengshui University · Langfang Teachers College · Peking University Founder Technology College · Shijiazhuang University · Shijiazhuang Railway Institute · Shijiazhuang University of Economics · Tangshan College · Tangshan Teachers College · Xingtai University · Yanshan University
See also: List of universities in China
This article on a university, college or other tertiary educational institution in China is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v•d•e
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_Academy”
Categories: Universities in Hebei | Law enforcement in the People’s Republic of China | China university stubsHidden categories: Articles lacking sources from December 2009 | All articles lacking sources | Hebei articles missing geocoordinate data | All articles needing coordinates
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Banff (Gaelic Banbh) is a town in the Banff and Buchan area of Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Banff is situated on Banff Bay and faces the town of Macduff across the estuary of the River Deveron. Banff is a former burgh, and until 1975 was the county town of Banffshire.
Contents
1History
2Attractions
3Railways
4Sport
5Etymology
6Notable residents
7References
8External links
History
Banff’s first castle was built to repel Viking invaders and a charter of 1163 AD shows that Malcolm IV was living there at that time. During this period the town was a busy trading center in the “free hanse” of Northern Scottish burghs, despite not having its own harbour until 1775. The first recorded Sheriff of Banff was Richard de Strathewan in 1264, and in 1372 Royal Burgh status was conferred by King Robert II. By the 15th century Banff was one of three principal towns exporting salmon to the continent of Europe, along with Aberdeen and Montrose.
Banff and Macduff are separated by the valley of the River Deveron. This unpredictable river was finally tamed by the seven arched bridge completed in 1799 by John Smeaton. An earlier bridge had been built in 1765, but was swept away in 1768. The old ferry was brought back into use, until it was lost in a flood in 1773.
Attractions
The modern-day town has a golf course (Duff House Royal), beaches, and was home to the Colleonard Sculpture Park which is now relocated in Aviemore.
COAST Festival of the Visual Arts is an annual festival of weekend-long events and attractions in both Banff and Macduff. It runs over the bank holiday weekend at the end of May each year.
The townscape, which is one of the best-preserved in Scotland, has many historic buildings, including fragments of the former royal Banff Castle, a pre-Reformation market cross, a fine tolbooth, many vernacular townhouses, and a museum donated by Andrew Carnegie. Close by is Duff House, designed by William Adam in 1730, and one of Scotland’s finest classical houses. It is open to the public as an out-station of the National Gallery of Scotland.
Also open to the public are the Wrack Woods, due south of Duff House. In the woods, there is an old ice house, a mausoleum, and a wonderful walk to one of the most beautiful secluded spots in the area. The place is known as the Bridge of Alvah, and a single-arch bridge spans the river Deveron. The river Deveron is known for its great fishing for salmon and trout.
Many of the nearby villages also contribute to tourism in the area; in particular Gardenstown and Pennan. Banff’s Tourist Information Centre opens during the summer and can be found by St Mary’s car park adjacent ot St Mary’s Parish Church on Banff’s High Street. Their audio tours provide an insight into the town, its history and architecture.
Though no longer a commercial port, the harbour has been subject to redevelopment during the latter half of 2006 and now has a marina which serves leisure traffic and small fishing boats, the newly constructed marina is only accessible +3hrs mlw due to the heavy and rapid siltation.
The Canadian Banff National Park and town of Banff, Alberta are named after Banffshire.
Railways
Banff was served by the Banff, Portsoy and Strathisla Railway (BPSR) from 1857 (to Banff Harbour station), and also a separate line belonging to the Great North of Scotland Railway (GNSR) from 1860. The latter went to Banff & Macduff station, almost a mile from the town. The GNSR later took over operation and then ownership of the older BPSR line.
In 1872 the line to Banff & Macduff station benefited from replacement stations closer to the town centre; Banff Bridge opened near the bridge between Banff and Macduff, on the Macduff side of the river, with its line then continuing into Macduff railway station. The original Banff & Macduff station closed on 1 July 1872.
All the lines suffered from mid-20th century railway cuts, with Banff Bridge station closing by the end of 1961, and Banff Harbour (known simply as Banff from 1928) closing on 6 July 1964.
Sport
Banff and surrounding areas have a local football team, Deveronvale F.C., and a rugby team, Banff RFC. Duff House Royal Golf course is bordered by the River Deveron and Duff House.Some interesting holes which can be difficult depending on the wind.
Etymology
The name “Banff” is uncertain but may be derived from the Scottish Gaelic Banbh or Banbha, a sow, buinne, a stream, or a contraction of Bean-naomh, the holy woman (as is reflected in the town’s coat-of-arms). Currently, the languages spoken in the town and in its vicinity tend to be the Doric dialect of Scots, and English.
Notable residents
Thomas Ruddiman (1674–1757), classical scholar, printer and publisher
Walter Ruddiman (1719–1781), printer, publisher and newspaper proprietor
George Duff (1764–1805), British naval officer
James Milne Wilson (1812–1880), Premier of Tasmania 1869–1872
William Brodie (1815–1881), sculptor
Richard Gordon (1947–2009), author
References
^“Comparative Population Profile: Banff Locality”. Scotland’s Census Results Online. 2001-04-29. http://www.scrol.gov.uk/scrol/browser/profile.jsp?profile=Population&mainArea=banff&mainLevel=Locality. Retrieved 2008-08-31.
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banff,_Aberdeenshire”
Categories: Towns in Aberdeenshire | Scottish county towns | Royal burghs | Fishing communities in ScotlandHidden categories: Articles containing Scottish Gaelic language text
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This page was last modified on 5 March 2010 at 17:48.
Look up fly-by-night in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Fly by night is a derisive term for businesses that appear and disappear rapidly. They may set up a little call center and appear to have a legitimate business, collect money from unwitting participants then disappear often without a trace.
Fly By Night may also refer to:
Fly by Night (album), an album by Rush
Fly by Night (song), the title track on Rush’s 2nd album
Fly by Night Tour, the 1975 concert tour by Rush in support of the album.
Fly by Night (Mighty Max episode), an episode of the television series Mighty Max
Fly by Night (Hardinge novel), a novel by Frances Hardinge
Fly-by-Night (Peyton novel), a novel by K. M. Peyton
Fly-by-Night, a 1942 film
“Fly by Night” (story), a Beowulf Shaeffer/Known Space story by Larry Niven.
Fly By Night a bat conservation organization
This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title.
If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fly_by_night”
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Killingworth is a small town locatedsouth of West Wallsend, New South Wales and west of the Sydney-Newcastle Freeway. It is part of the West Ward of the City of Lake Macquarie local government area, and Ward ‘D’ of the City of Cessnock.
History
Killingworth owes its origins to coal mining, which took place there from 1888 until the Great Depression, when it ceased for a time, and thereafter until the great slump in the industry in the 1960s. Caledonian Collieries Limited purchased the original unworked shafts at Killingworth in 1895 and continued its sinking to a depth of 880 feet. Two seams were subsequently mined, production commencing at Killingworth Colliery in October 1897. It was renamed West Wallsend Extended Colliery about 1915, although large K C letters continued to adorn the engine rooms. Their coal was shipped via its own branch which connected with the main private railway from Seahampton and West Wallsend to the government’s main line at Cockle Creek.
Weekend photo of West Wallsend Extended Colliery with loaded wagons evident.
A hugegas explosion occurred in the pit at 5.25 a.m. on December 7, 1910. No human life was lost but a horse named ‘Splash’ was killed. The shaft’s cages were blown right up the shaft to lodge in a massive tangled mess in the metal headframe. Production did not resume until August 1911.
A brick kiln was established at the colliery, as was a sawmill connected to the mine’s railway by a spur. The timber used to construct many houses in Killingworth was produced here. In addition, a large wagon repair shop was opened in 1924 and not closed until April 1961, eighteen months prior to the colliery’s final closure.
A public school operated from 1891-1892 and 1902-1941.
Towns, suburbs and localities of the City of Lake Macquarie | Hunter Region | New South Wales
Towns, suburbs
& localities
Adamstown Heights • Arcadia Vale • Argenton • Awaba • Balcolyn • Balmoral • Barnsley • Belmont • Belmont North • Belmont South • Bennetts Green • Blackalls Park • Blacksmiths • Bolton Point • Bonnells Bay • Boolaroo • Booragul • Brightwaters • Buttaba • Cameron Park • Cams Wharf • Cardiff • Cardiff Heights • Cardiff South • Carey Bay • Catherine Hill Bay • Caves Beach • Charlestown • Coal Point • Cooranbong • Croudace Bay • Dora Creek • Dudley • Edgeworth • Eleebana • Eraring • Fassifern • Fennell Bay • Fishing Point • Floraville • Freemans Waterhole • Garden Suburb • Gateshead • Glendale • Highfields • Hillsborough • Holmesville • Jewells • Kahibah • Kilaben Bay • Killingworth • Kotara South • Lakelands • Little Pelican • Macquarie Hills • Mandalong • Marks Point • Marmong Point • Martinsville • Mirrabooka • Morisset • Morisset Park • Mount Hutton • Myuna Bay • New Lambton Heights • Nords Wharf • Pelican • Rankin Park • Rathmines • Redhead • Seahampton • Silverwater • Speers Point • Sunshine • Swansea • Swansea Heads • Teralba • Tingira Heights • Toronto • Valentine • Wakefield • Wangi Wangi • Warners Bay • West Wallsend • Whitebridge • Windale • Windermere Park • Woodrising • Wyee • Wyee Point • Yarrawonga Park
Other places &
points of interest
Avondale College • Belmont Anti-Tank Ditch • Blackalls Park railway station • Charlestown Square • Cockle Creek Smelter • Eraring Power Station • Fernleigh Track • Glenrock Lagoon • Lake Macquarie • Lake Macquarie Petrified Forest • Mount Sugarloaf • RAAF Base Rathmines • South Waratah Colliery • Toronto railway line • Toronto railway station • Wangi Power Station • Watagans National Park
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Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killingworth,_New_South_Wales”
Categories: Settlements established in 1892 | Suburbs of Lake Macquarie | Hunter region geography stubs
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This page was last modified on 11 December 2009 at 02:54.
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Poenit may refer to:
Poenitentiaria, abbreviation
Phut
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Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poenit”
Categories: Disambiguation pagesHidden categories: All accuracy disputes | Articles with disputed statements from March 2009 | All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements from March 2009 | Monitored short pages | All article disambiguation pages | All disambiguation pages
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P. T. Barnum (Phineas T. Barnum), showman and a founder of Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus
The Barnum effect, a cognitive bias named after P. T. Barnum
Barnum (musical), a Broadway musical based on P.T. Barnum’s life
Barnum’s American Museum
H. B. Barnum, American songwriter
Henry A. Barnum, United States Civil War general from New York
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Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barnum”
Categories: Disambiguation pagesHidden categories: All article disambiguation pages | All disambiguation pages
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This page was last modified on 21 December 2009 at 20:18.
